Recent studies show how thermal waters play a beneficial role in skin disorders, thanks to biological compounds, metabolites or bacterial extracts within them, as well as element traces, which are used in dermocosmetics as active ingredients. These bioactive compounds are able to improve dermatological diseases such as atopic dermatitis or rosacea and improve itching and xerosis; furthermore, they can increase protection against UV exposure, strengthen barrier function, maintain good homeostasis of skin defences, repair damaged skin, promote wound healing, improve skin condition, reduce irregular skin pigmentation and prevent skin aging. Recently, scientists have turned their attention to the role of the microbiota of hot springs, called “hydrobiome”, defined as the natural microbial community present in water. The main companies that develop and sell dermocosmetics whose main ingredient or excipient is thermal water have oriented their research towards extracts, lysates or metabolites of the microbiota of these thermal waters, such as the Aquaphilus dolomiae extract, which has been shown to have a beneficial effect on barrier function and on tight junctions in an in vitro model of atopic dermatitis infected with Staphylococcus aureus, providing protection against infection.
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