December 2024

Tattoo and permanent makeup (PMU) inks are widespread products intended to be injected intradermally and require a certain level of sterility. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a set of recommendations to control the microbiological quality of these inks and prevent microbial contamination. The article of December elaborates the microbiological quantitative and qualitative determinations performed on several Tattoo and PMU inks, from six manufacturers. The article is suggested by all students attending the Applied Microbiology in Cosmetology course of Dep. Pharmacy, UdA