In the field of dentistry, titanium implants are widely used and then it is interesting to evaluate whether the different topography at the nano-, micro- and chemical level influence the adhesion of oral microorganisms. The strain analyzed in this study is Streptococcus oralis, a commensal gram-positive bacterium, known as pioneer in the dental biofilm that causes the peri-implant disease. The novelty is that titanium discs are produced by selective laser melting (SLM) and then subjected to the electrochemical polishing (EL) and organic acids-etching (OAE). The two new surfaces tested produced in Ti6Al4V, a titanium alloy with a high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance, shown different proprieties about microbial formation of biofilm. Both products are characterized by roughness and irregular surface evaluated by SEM, but the microbiological analysis showed a significantly lower bacterial count and biofilm biomass formation on OAE in respect to the EL and the machined samples. In particular, the S. oralis biofilm formation was inversely correlated with the nano-roughness of the samples.
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